Fire blight on apple trees4/7/2023 amylovora involves competition for space and nutrients on apple blossoms along with the secretion of a metabolite inhibiting pathogen growth (Pusey et al. It has been proposed that the suppressive action of E325 against E. amylovora populations on detached crab apple flowers, and in reducing blossom blight on mature apple trees (Pusey et al. Pusey, that has shown excellent efficacy in controlling E. Pantoea agglomerans strain E325 (E325) is a bacterial antagonist, discovered by Dr. In particular, strains of Pantoea agglomerans, a widespread epiphytic bacterium, have attracted attention as potential antagonists for the control of fire blight (Ishimaru et al. In this context, the use of antagonists for biocontrol of the blossom blight phase of fire blight is deemed as a promising alternative to antibiotics, and this approach is now commercially available (Epton et al. Furthermore, the potential threat of heavy use of antibiotics on fresh fruits to human health remains a topic of ongoing concern and debate (Marshall and Levy 2011 McManus et al. amylovora strains have been identified in different apple-growing regions in the USA, the West Coast, Midwest, and the Northeast, thus raising serious concerns over the sustainability of fire blight management using streptomycin sprays (McManus and Jones 1994 Moller et al. Due to the frequent use of streptomycin sprays, streptomycin-resistant E. However, chemical sprays of the aminoglycoside antibiotic streptomycin are most commonly used for control of fire blight outbreaks on susceptible apple trees, and these have been used for over 55 years in the USA. In commercial orchards, copper fungicides have been used on bearing trees. The disease has been first discovered in New York, USA in 1780 (Denning 1794), and it has since spread worldwide (Bonn and van der Zwet 2000 Jock et al. This study demonstrates that the microcapsule-mediated delivery of biocontrol agents may serve as a viable strategy for managing fire blight for apples.įire blight is a devastating bacterial disease, incited by the pathogen Erwinia amylovora, and has been a major deterrent to the commercial production of apples (Paulin 1996). The encapsulated E325 exhibits the following advantages: (1) preservation of an effective E325 population and (2) improved suppressive activity of E325 against Ea153 at different RH conditions, especially at the hypanthium, the main infection site. The effects of RH on the water retention property of AMCs and the suppressive activity of E325 against Ea153 are investigated using detached blossoms of apple cv. amylovora strain Ea153 (Ea153) under different relative humidity (RH) conditions. In this study, the effectiveness of the bacterial antagonist Pantoea agglomerans strain E325 (E325), encapsulated in alginate microcapsules (AMCs), is demonstrated to suppress the growth of E. While biocontrol of fire blight using antagonists is deemed as a promising alternative to antibiotics, these also often fail in field applications due to the rapid and wide fluctuation of moisture and nutrient levels. amylovora, as well as in instances of the evolution of new strains that are resistant to streptomycin. However, these applications are often not completely effective or reliable from one growing season to another, particularly under high humidity conditions that are favorable to E. The common method of controlling fire blight is with the use of repeated applications of antibiotics, most commonly streptomycin, beginning at early bloom. Fire blight, incited by the pathogen Erwinia amylovora, is the most economically important bacterial disease of apple, as well as of some other members of the Rosaceae family.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply.AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |